This is a work in progress to compile as comprehensive as possible a listing numbers and titles of individual Henry Buehman stereographs of Arizona. If you have examples that are not on this list, or valiant titles for any of the numbers or captions I would appreciate hearing from you. Ideally I would like to obtain either a xerox copy or scan for my files as well. Thanks in advance for your time and assistance.

Henry Buehman (1851–1912) was born in Bremen, Germany, on May 14, 1851. At fifteen, he was apprenticed as a photographer’s assistant and quickly became a proficient operator. In June 1868 he left Germany in June 1868, for America, traveling first to New York City, then to California by way of the Isthmus of Panama.

Buehman likely arrived in San Francisco in time to experience the 6.8-magnitude “Great San Francisco Earthquake” on the southern segment of the Hayward fault which runs near San Francisco. Despite a population of about 148,000, there were only five reported deaths related to the earthquake.

While in San Francisco, Buehman worked as a studio operator for about a year at the prestigious Bradley & Rulofson studio at 429 Montgomery Street before moving to Visalia, California, where he opened his own gallery. He appears in the 1870 census as “Henry Beeman” with the occupation of Photographic Artist and a net value of $1,000.

Like many before him, the lure of riches eventually drove Henry to prospecting. After building his photographic business for two years, Buehman sold his studio and began exploring California, Nevada, and eventually Arizona. He arrived in Prescott in July 1874 with a focus still on mining. No evidence has surfaced to date of photographic activity, despite the availability of a studio frequently supporting photographers traveling in the area.

Buehman outfitted a wagon for an excursion into Mexico, but only made it as far south as Tucson. He sold his mules and wagon and purchased a lot on Congress Street, where he built a three-room adobe residence and soon bought the studio of Adolpho Rodrigo. Though he was in Tucson at the same time as Dudley Flanders, there is no evidence to date that the two met, despite the possible connection through Rodrigo.

By fall 1876, Buehman had geared up and was operating the major photographic studio in Tucson. Interestingly, Buehman ran the same ad for over a year and a half, at least through April of 1877.

Buehman quickly became the premier photographer in Tucson and in the Territory. Virtually every significant figure had portraits made in the Buehman studio. One particular specialty that brought him note was his ability to photograph young children. He traveled extensively throughout the Territory, adding to the catalog of stereographs published under series titles of “Views in Arizona” and “Arizona Scenery.”

Interestingly, Buehman returned to Germany at least once during this era and made stereographs there as well. He printed these images on the same mounts he used for his Arizona series, creating some dissonance between caption and subject in these views.

Henry gradually expanded his business, eventually employing several operators and assistants as he strove to provide Tucson with all the services expected of a major metropolitan photographic studio. In 1881 Buehman recruited a new studio operator from Sacramento, Francis A. Hartwell, who arrived in Tucson in April. Hartwell was apparently a good addition to Buehman’s team, and by 1882 the business had outgrown its original studio. Buehman built a new two-story gallery building at 130 Congress with his studio on the upper floor and the Elite Restaurant operating at the ground level.

The ad in the Tucson Daily Citizen announcing the new facility ran on August 25, 1882, noting:
Mr. Buehman, the owner is a photographer of over 17 years experience and together with his assistant Mr. F. A. Hartwell is versed in every style of photographic and painter’s art, and in their new gallery have every facility possible for the making of fine pictures either in India ink, oil, watercolors, crayon or pastel of any light shade or color. The taking of babies pictures, which are made a specialty, are done almost instantaneously, and work in all cases is guaranteed. The Ladies are invited to call at the gallery and make a personal inspection.

In October 1882, Buehman married Kindergarten schoolteacher Estelle Morehouse, originally of Portland, Michigan. Mrs. Buehman was a frequent subject in the studio, occasionally posing with new props and backdrops. The couple had two children, Willis Henry and Albert Rex. Buehman’s humor is evident in his choice of a name for Albert. He was known as Al, becoming “Al Buehman,” a play on the albumen used in the photographic printing paper during the first decades his father’s business.

By 1883, the collaboration between Buehman and Hartwell reached a new level. In the Photographic Times and American Photographer, Buehman announced his full partnership with Hartwell to a national audience. Soon the imprint on most of the photographs produced by the studio read “Buehman & Hartwell.” The exception is the stereographs sold during this era (which appear to be primarily Henry’s own earlier photographs, as opposed to those produced by either Hartwell or the new partnership) on mounts that read “Buehman & Co.”

Unfortunately, there is little evidence to help determine which of the “Buehman & Hartwell” partners made any particular image, or whether any photograph produced during this era was made by one of the many assistants or operators employed by the studio. Like several other pioneer Arizona photographers, Buehman was active in his community. Buehman served on the board of school trustees and the board of trustees of the Territorial Reform School in Benson. Later in his career, he was elected mayor of Tucson, initially in 1894, and served two terms from 1895 to 1899.

Buehman assembled and operated a large cattle ranch in the foothills of the Catalina Mountains about eight miles east of the San Pedro River. Buehman Canyon in the area carries his name today. Son Albert worked in, and eventually took over, operation of the Buehman studio.
Henry Buehman passed away from pneumonia on December 19, 1912, and was buried at Evergreen Memorial Park in Tucson.

During his career photographing in Arizona, Buehman’s studio produced a huge body of photographs documenting the developing Territory. Most of these images were original work, but like most photographers of this era, the Buehman studio also freely copied and resold photographs made by others when he saw a potential market (usually without permission). Examples of such “pirated” images identified to date include several Randall & Wittick images of Geronimo and other Apache notables which had been taken at Fort Apache, and a series of Native American images of Great Plains Indian portraits clearly copied from the work of other photographers.

The Buehman studio was likely the longest operating photographic studio in Arizona. In addition to the thousands of copies of photographs produced by the studio which are in private and public collections, the Arizona Historical Society’s photographic collection contains over 200,000 negatives taken by the Buehman Studio between 1874 and 1960.

(from Arizona Stereographs 1865-1930 by Jeremy Rowe, 2014)

If you have additional information about Henry Buehman, examples of stereographs that are not on this list, or variant titles I would appreciate hearing from you. Ideally, I would like to obtain either a Xerox copy or scan for my files as well.

Thanks in advance for your time and assistance.

Please feel free to use this information but please credit this source and reproduce only with full credit information.
Thank you.

Jeremy Rowe
jrowe@vintagephoto.com

©Jeremy Rowe 2017


PHOTOGRAPHER: Henry H. Buehman 
LOCATION: Tucson, A. T. 
MOUNT COLORS: pink 
DATES: 1874–5 
SERIES: H. Buehman’s “PHOTOGRAPHIC ALBUM/OF/TRIP THROUGH ARIZONA”(on 
reverse) (variant of D. P. Flanders mount with Buehman replacing Flanders) 
Godigojo, Tonto Apache (studio portrait) 
Grinding Flour (scene at Apache camp, probably San Carlos) 

PHOTOGRAPHER: Henry H. Buehman 
LOCATION: Tucson, A. T. 
MOUNT COLORS: pink 
DATES: 1874–5 
SERIES: H. BUEHMAN, Photographer(script first initials)/Tucson, A.T. (on front) 
41. Och-e-cam-a, Yuma Chief (studio portrait) 
90. Coyotero Apaches (studio portrait) 
[?] (outdoor portrait of 4 Indians and child) 
[?] (outdoor portrait of 6 Indians in front of dwelling, probably San Carlos) 
[?] (outdoor portrait of Eskiminzin with wives and child in front of dwelling, probably at San 
Carlos) 
[?] (studio portrait of Apache woman and papoose) 
[?] (studio portrait of “Buster” with bow and arrow probably San Carlos) 
[?] (studio portrait of standing Indian with bow in western cloths) 

PHOTOGRAPHER: Henry H. Buehman 
LOCATION: Tucson, A. T. 
MOUNT COLOR: orange/lavender 
DATE: 1875–1878 
SERIES: SCENES IN ARIZONA/By H. BUEHMAN (inscription front) 
7. Godigojo Scout (studio portrait) 
58. Papago women selling hay [n] 
85. Papago women with hay (studio portrait) 
86. Ha-icth-la (studio portrait) 

PHOTOGRAPHER: Henry H. Buehman 
LOCATION: Tucson, A. T. 
MOUNT COLOR: orange/lavender 
DATE: 1875–1878 
SERIES: SCENES IN ARIZONA/by/Henry Buehman (on reverse) 
6.(studio portrait of Indian woman and baby) 
7. Indian Boy 
25. Camp Verde 
32. Suttlers store at McDowell 
50. Agt. Clum, Diablo, & Eskiminzin (studio portrait) 
90. Apache Group (14 apache males in studio, same as 90 under Arizona Scenery, Buehman and 
Hartwell) 
140. Mount Tortilla (incorrect label, actually Pinal, A.T.) 
[?] Godogojo Apache (same as 7 under Scenes in Arizona, by H. BUEHMAN) 

PHOTOGRAPHER: Henry H. Buehman 
LOCATION: Tucson, A. T. 
MOUNT COLOR: buff/lavender, yellow/lavender 
DATES: 1878–1881 
SERIES: Views in Arizona/H. Buehman Tucson, A.T. (serif type on front) 
2. Congress St., Running East & West 
2(alt). Gila City 
3. Coronation Peak (engineers posing in foreground) 
5. Painted Rocks (engineers posing in foreground) 
10. Cap Stone of Painted Rocks 
11. Pima Indian Village 
20. Hotel at Tubac 
22. Scene in camp Toltec (overview) 
23. Scene in camp Toltec (same as Continent “Mining Camp Arizona”) 
24. Scene in camp Toltec 

PHOTOGRAPHER: Henry H. Buehman 
LOCATION: Tucson, A. T. 
MOUNT COLOR: yellow 
DATE: 1878–1881 
SERIES: Arizona Scenes/H. Buehman Tucson, A.T. (on front) 
1. Old Camp Bowie (overview) 
12. Scene on White River 
34. San Carlos River (alternate ornate type “Arizona Scenes” on front) 
38. Ration Day (San Carlos) 
57. Nan-tag-ira Scout 
61. Front View of San Xavier 
63. Altar in San Xavier 
87. Trusty Sam (Pinal Apache) (studio portrait) 
89. Hesh-pid-die (studio portrait) 
92. Don–dee (studio portrait) 
117. Congress St. 
122. Arizona Bouquet (studio still life of cactus) 
Party of Mining men Hauling (scenic overview from balcony, etc. showing the “Three Brothers 
peaks near San Carlos) 

PHOTOGRAPHER: Henry H. Buehman 
LOCATION: Tucson, A. T. 
MOUNT COLOR: orange/lavender 
DATE: c. 1878–1881 
SERIES: Arizona Scenes, by H. Buehman (inscription front, numbers in negative unless indicated [N]) 
3. Huachuca Mountains [N] 
4. Huachuca Mountains [N] 
5. Huachuca Canon [N] 
5. (alt) (papoose in cradle basket on chair in studio)[N] 
8. Huachuca Mountains [N] 
8. (ALT) GAR, Apache Scout (studio portrait) 
9. Huachuca Mountains [N] 
14. Casa Grande Ruins 
15. U.S. Indian Scouts in Camp 
16. San Xavier, 9 miles from Tucson 
21. Hearty Jack (full standing portrait in front of home) 
24. Apaches making bread (at San Carlos) 
26. Grinding Flour (3 Indian women in front of hut) 
27. (group of 5 Indians & their home (possibly at San Carlos) 
28. (group of Indians at San Carlos identified Chapo and family) 
31. Eskiminzin (in field w/2 Indians & team of oxen) 
35. Gila River 
40. San Carlos Indian Reservation 
43. (Apache Male Portrait) 
45. Apache Woman (outdoor portrait with carrying basket) 
76. Cosmopolitan Hotel, Tucson, A.T. 
82. (Burros hauling firewood, probably Tucson) 
85. Apache Group (studio portrait of Apache scouts) 
90. (studio portrait of 14 Apache Indians variant of #85 above) 
93.[n] Apache Scout 
99.[n] Apache Scout 
102. “HYULA”, Apache Scout (studio portrait) 
105. Antonio, Pima Indian (studio portrait)[N] 
108. Cactus (man posing beneath) 
109. Cactus (with man at base) 
110.(115?) Antonio (Seated portrait in western cloths) 
116. S. E. End of Main St., Tucson A.T. 
117. Abandie’s Block (Tucson) 
119. NE side of Main St., Tucson, A.T. 
120. Arizona Reptiles (studio set-up) 
122. Arizona Bouquet (studio still life of cactus) 
124. Main St., Tucson, A.T. 
136. (street scene w/wagon & team in foreground, probably Tucson) 
138. Tunnel, Silver King Mine 
141. Gird Mill near Charleston 
143. [n] Tombstone when 6 months old 
155. [n] Rocky Creek, A.T. 
161. Quarters, Fort Grant 
162. Goodwin Canon, A.T. 
163. Rocky Canon, Apache Pass 
165. Goodwin Canon, A.T. 
167. [n] San Pedro River 
176. Whiteside Canon 
184. Huachuca Mtns., A.T. 
190. Warner’s Mill Near Tucson 
194. Black River 
197. Black River Park, A.T. 
200. Camp Thomas 
201. Ft. Apache, A.T. 1879 
203. Bluff on Black River 
204. White River, A.T. 
207. Ash Creek 
215. White River Canyon 
222. [n] Tucson, A.T. (Mayer & Congress looking West) 
225. Tucson, A.T. (Congress St. looking East) 
231. Santa Cruz River 
236. [n] Plaza at Tucson, A.T. (Plaza de Mesilla) 
247. Davidson Pass, A.T.N. 
253. Lone Giant, Patagonia Mtns, A.T. 
254. Canon in Patagonia Mtns. 
262. Monkey Springs Falls 
270. [n] Washington Camp 
279. Taken in the Yuma Desert, 2500 ft. below the level of the Sea 
280. Ocotillo 
299. Apache Indian Man and Wife (actually two captured renegade Apache at San Carlos wearing 
leg irons) 
302. [n] Tucson, A.T. (Grand Hotel) 
307. Old Courthouse 
309. [n] San Xavier Mission (#61 in neg) 
311. [n] San Xavier Mission 
Abadie’s Saloon, Tucson 
Apache Indian Scout (studio portrait) 
Apache Pass, A.T. 
Apaches Going to Water 
Arizona Saguaro 
Ash Creek 
Barebitis, Coyotero Chief, 1878 
Black River 
Black River Park, A.T. 
Charlie, Arivaipa Apache 
City of Tucson Arizona (overview from rooftop) 
Coronation Peak, Yuma Co. on the North side of the Gila 
Cusheke or “Lorie,” Indian Scout Stripped for a fight, hanged at Ft. Apache 
Davidson Pass, A. T. 
(Fort Apache, Arizona) 
Ft. Bowie (overview) 
(Fort Grant) 
Gar Scout, Ft. Apache, 1878 
Giant cactus, Arizona (Saguaro) 
Gila Monster 
Goodwin Canyon, A. T. 
Hotel at Tubac 
Huachuca Mountains, A. T. 
Hy-u-la (Apache scout) 
Interior View, Mission San Xavier, Tucson, A.T. 
J. P. Clum and Escorts 
Lone Giant, Patagonia Mountains 
Main Alter, Mission San Xavier 
Mining Aztec Mine, shafts 1, 2, 3 
Mining at Inca Shaft No. 1, Aztec District, Pima County 
Mining – Aztec District, Pima Co. 
Mining S. L. Lime Croppings, Greaterville, Area, Aztec County 
Monkey Spring Falls 
Mount Tortilla 
Mouth of Rocky Canyon (Apache Pass) 
Mule Teams, Tucson 
Myer St., Tucson 
Nan Tag Ira, Scout 
Ocotillo Cactus 
Old Mission near Tucson 
An Ordinary – Quite Ordinary scene in Arizona. The Three Brothers Peaks. Near San Carlos, some 40 miles in the distance. 
Painted Rocks, near Tucson 
Picket Post (overview of smelter) 
Rio Santa Cruz near Tucson 
Rocky Canyon, Apache Pass 
Rocky creek, A. T. 
Sahuara Cactus 
San Xavier, Tucson 
San Xavier Mission 
San Xavier, 9 miles form Tucson, Built Before 1870. 
Santa Cruz River Scene near Bushnell, Tyndall or Aztec District, Pima County 
Santa Cruz River near Tucson 
Scene on White River 
Scene on the White River Canon in rear of Officer’s Quarters, Ft. Apache, Ariz. 
Side View, Mission San Xavier, Tucson, A.T. 
Squaw with Papoose 
Street in Arizona City opposite Ft. Yuma 
Toltec, Pinal Co. 
Tom Lawson’s Silver King Mine 
Tonto Apache Boy 
Washing on the Santa Cruz 
White River, A. T. 
Whiteside Canyon 
Tucson looking Southwest 
White River Canyon 

PHOTOGRAPHER: Henry H. Buehman 
LOCATION: Tucson, A. T. 
MOUNT COLOR: orange/lavender 
DATES: c. 1880–1885 
SERIES: Arizona Scenes, by H. Buehman (inscription front, less ornate typeface than above) 
5. [n] (Apache Papoose, Apache style carrying frame) 
43. [n] Barbetes Coyotero Chief 
165. Mouth of Rocky Canon (less ornate type “Arizona Scenes”) 
188. Old Mission near Tucson (less ornate type “Arizona Scenes”) 
189. Washing on the Santa Cruz (less ornate type “Arizona Scenes”) 
193. [n] Present Store – New Store Bldg. Officer’s Room 
[?] (Delivery Wagons in Tucson) (less ornate type “Arizona Scenes”) 
[?] Side view, Mission San Xavier, Tucson (less ornate type “Arizona Scenes”) 
[?] Tucson Street Scene (less ornate type “Arizona Scenes”) 

PHOTOGRAPHER: Henry H. Buehman 
LOCATION: Tucson, A. T. 
MOUNT COLOR: orange/lavender 
DATES: c. 1880–1885 
SERIES: ARIZONA SCENERY/H. BUEHMAN, Tucson, and A.T. (on front in thin san serif 
gothic type) 
8. ‘Gar’ Scout (studio portrait 
16. Cactus (Blank mount, this series by association) 
22. Yuma Landing, A.T. 1876 (Paddle wheel steamers at dock 
23. (in neg) Going to Water (2 Indian women w/Ollas) 
24. (in neg) Making Dough (same as 24 in Arizona Scenes by H. Buehman, A.T. above) 
31. Eskiminzin plowing (probably at San Carlos) 
36. Camp Life in Arizona ( approx. 18 soldiers and civilians around tent in camp) 
38. Es kim in zin, Arivaipa Apache Chief & family 
58. (in neg) Papago Women with Hay (in studio) 
64. Interior Right of Altar 
69. Front View – San Xavier 
71. Tucson, looking South East 
85. (in neg) Apache Group, Turkey on left (3 scouts in studio, same as 85 in Arizona Scenes 
above) 
88. (in neg) Ch-be-ka Aribipa (sic) (studio portrait) 
89. Itesh-pid-dic (studio portrait) 
91. Archie, Coyotero Apache (studio portrait) 
102. Hy-u-la (studio portrait) 
104. (in neg) Apache Group (8 men in studio) 
107. (in neg)Group of Pima Indians (in studio) 
108. Cactus 
109. Cactus 
Camp Apache 
(Camp Apache) 
Inca Shaft #1 
Interior, San Xavier Church 
Scene near Bushnell (same as Continent “Santa Rosa Mining” view 
Shafts 1, 2 & 3 Aztec (?) 
St. Louis (?) Croppings 
(?) Tunnel 

PHOTOGRAPHER: Henry H. Buehman 
LOCATION: Tucson, A. T. 
MOUNT COLOR: yellow/lavender 
DATES: c. 1880–1885 
SERIES: ARIZONA SCENERY/H. BUEHMAN, Tucson, A.T. (on front in thin san serif gothic 
type) 
Congress St., Looking West 
Bluff near San Carlos 

PHOTOGRAPHER: Henry H. Buehman 
LOCATION: Tucson, A. T. 
MOUNT COLOR: orange/lavender 
DATES: c. 1880–1885 
SERIES: ARIZONA SCENERY/BUEHMAN & HARTWELL, Tucson, A.T. (on front in thin san 
serif gothic type) 
47. Handsome Charles Wife & Baby 
84. Mesia St. (overview looking down the street) 
[?] (scenic) 
[?] (studio portrait of Fred Feldman) 

PHOTOGRAPHER: Henry H. Buehman 
LOCATION: Tucson, A. T. 
MOUNT COLOR: orange/lavender 
DATES: c. 1880–1885 
SERIES: ARIZONA SCENERY/BUEHMAN & HARTWELL, Tucson, A.T. (on front) 
82. Burros hauling wood 
90. (in negative) (Apache Indian Scouts) 
318. (in negative) (group of saguaro cactus) 
318(alt). [n] (exterior – San Xavier) 
445. (altar at San Xavier) 
[?] (fountain in courtyard) 
[?] (interior of San Xavier) 
[?] (J. S. Mansfield’s Pioneer News Depot interior) 
[?] (J. S. Mansfield’s Pioneer News Depot interior) 
[?] (scenic near Tucson) 
[?] (unidentified scenic) 

PHOTOGRAPHER: Henry H. Buehman 
LOCATION: Tucson, A. T. 
MOUNT COLOR: orange/lavender 
DATES: c. 1880–1885 
SERIES: BUEHMAN & HARTWELL, TUCSON A.T. in script at bottom of mount 
[?] (J. S. Mansfield’s Pioneer News Depot interior) 
[?] (J. S. Mansfield’s Pioneer News Depot interior) 
PHOTOGRAPHER: Henry H. Buehman 
LOCATION: Tucson, A. T. 
MOUNT COLOR: orange/lavender 
DATE: c. 1880–1885 
SERIES: Arizona Scenes/Buehman & Co. Tucson, A.T. (on front) 
6. [n] (studio portrait of Apache mother and child 
7. [n] Arizona Apache Scout (Godigojo) 
27. (group of 5 Indians in front of dwelling) 
37. (San Carlos reservation muster day) 
61. (San Xavier) 
71. General View of Tucson 
79. [?] (Man w/rifle next to cholla cactus) 
82. (pack mules in Tucson) 
98. (in negative) (standing Apache Scout w/Rifle 
122. [n] Arizona Bouquet (studio still life) 
123. Cactus 
125. (studio still life of cactus) 
126. Giant Cactus – Arizona 
159. [n] (cemetery at Ft. Bowie) 
176. [n] Huachuca Mtns. 
179. [n] (Huachuca Mtns.) 
200. (Overview of Fort Defiance) 
208. Meyer St., Tucson 
244. Total Wreck Mine (detail) 
246. (Arizona scenic) 
254. Patagonia Mts. 
255. (scene, Patagonia Mts.) 
264. Total Wreck Mine (overview) 
266. Total Wreck Mine (overview) 
277. Arizona Scenery 
313. Cactus 
314. Cactus 
[?] Main St., Tucson 
[?] San Xavier Mission 
[?] (San Xavier Mission) 

PHOTOGRAPHER: Henry H. Buehman 
LOCATION: Tucson, A. T. 
MOUNT COLOR: NA 
DATES: c. 1880–1885 
SERIES: album of mounted stereo view halves numbers listed are negative numbers, descriptions 
are hand written below views 
23. Water Gatherers 
29. 5 Indians (family) 
72. Sectional View, Tucson A.T. 
88. Apache Scout (studio portrait) 
88. (alt) (studio portrait of 3 scouts) 
89. Apache Scout (studio portrait) 
97. Apache Scout (studio portrait) 
104. (studio portrait of 8 scouts) 
280. Meyers St., Tucson A.T. 
300. Congress St., Tucson A.T. 
Gallery, San Xavier 
Left Altar, San Xavier 
Maiden Lane, Tucson A.T. 
Main Altar, San Xavier 
Russ House, Tucson A.T. 
San Xavier 
Street Scene, Tucson A.T. 


©Jeremy Rowe 2017


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